Director:
Peter WeirWriters:
Earl W. Wallace, William Kelley, Pamela WallaceProducer:
Edward S. FeldmanCinematographer:
John SealeEditor:
Thom NobleProduction Designer:
Stan JolleyProduction Company:
Paramount Pictures Special Effects supervisor Chuck Dolan is not credited onscreen. Filmmakers published an apology for omitting his name in the 18 Mar 1985 DV.
The 26 Mar 1984 People reported that a Paramount Pictures project, Called Home, would begin production the following month in Lancaster, PA, although the title and female lead had not been decided at the time. Paramount was reportedly offering $400 to any staff member who could “come up with a better title."
Screenwriter Earl W. Wallace stated in the 2 Jan 1985 Paramount News that the story idea originated from his wife, Pamela Wallace, while the couple was renting a house owned by a woman who grew up in Amish country. Pamela looked at some Amish material in the home and thought it would be interesting if an Amish woman had a relationship with a “tough, urban type.” Paramount’s Edward S. Feldman optioned the story and after paring down the script, Harrison Ford came onboard. According to the Mar 1985 issue of Los Angeles magazine, actor Tom Selleck was initially approached for the leading role, but turned it down.
Principal photography began 27 Apr 1984, according to the 22 May 1984 HR production chart, which listed Witness as the new film title. A nine-week shooting schedule was noted in the 11 Feb 1985 DV.
According to the 7 Jun 1984 NYT, the local Amish community had mixed feelings over being the subject of the picture and having the film crew invade their town. Filmmakers reportedly made every effort not to intrude ...
Special Effects supervisor Chuck Dolan is not credited onscreen. Filmmakers published an apology for omitting his name in the 18 Mar 1985 DV.
The 26 Mar 1984 People reported that a Paramount Pictures project, Called Home, would begin production the following month in Lancaster, PA, although the title and female lead had not been decided at the time. Paramount was reportedly offering $400 to any staff member who could “come up with a better title."
Screenwriter Earl W. Wallace stated in the 2 Jan 1985 Paramount News that the story idea originated from his wife, Pamela Wallace, while the couple was renting a house owned by a woman who grew up in Amish country. Pamela looked at some Amish material in the home and thought it would be interesting if an Amish woman had a relationship with a “tough, urban type.” Paramount’s Edward S. Feldman optioned the story and after paring down the script, Harrison Ford came onboard. According to the Mar 1985 issue of Los Angeles magazine, actor Tom Selleck was initially approached for the leading role, but turned it down.
Principal photography began 27 Apr 1984, according to the 22 May 1984 HR production chart, which listed Witness as the new film title. A nine-week shooting schedule was noted in the 11 Feb 1985 DV.
According to the 7 Jun 1984 NYT, the local Amish community had mixed feelings over being the subject of the picture and having the film crew invade their town. Filmmakers reportedly made every effort not to intrude on their privacy and hired John D. King, a former member of the Amish community, to act as a technical advisor and ensure its authenticity. The 10 Feb 1985 Chicago Tribune stated that actress Kelly McGillis was welcomed into an Amish home for several days to research her character. However, filmmakers did not expect any additional cooperation from the Amish community on the $11.5 million picture. The 7 Jun 1984 NYT announced that filmmakers were unsuccessful at finding an Amish farm to use for the film. An Amish woman reported that her family was offered $700 per day to use their farm, and although they were tempted by the money, they realized it would be too intrusive on their way of life. According to the 11 Sep 2005 San Gabriel Valley News, Paramount had looked at around 350 farms in the area, but failed to find a setting for the picture. They nearly moved production to Portland, OR, before finding a farm owned by Emma and Paul Krantz, who were not Amish.
Although the crew remained respectful of the Amish during their time in Lancaster, the State of Pennsylvania initiated an agreement with the Amish community to protect their privacy, as reported by the 10 Feb 1985 Chicago Tribune. The state agreed to a four-point initiative to discourage future filmmakers from making the Pennsylvania Amish the subject of film or television projects.
The world premiere was held in Lancaster, PA, at the Fulton Opera House on 7 Feb 1985, as announced in the 9 Feb 1985 LAT. Cast and crew were in attendance, except for Harrison Ford, who sent a letter of regret to the townsfolk by telegram.
Witness received critical praise, and won Academy Awards for Best Original Screenplay and Best Film Editing. The film also received nominations in the following categories: Original Score, Art Direction, Cinematography, Directing, Actor (Harrison Ford), and Best Picture. AFI ranked the film #82 on its list of 100 Years…100 Passions.
In honor of the film’s twentieth anniversary in 2005, the Lancaster farm that served as the film setting opened its doors to the public for tours, according to the 11 Sep 2005 San Gabriel Valley News. The Krantz farm was sold to an Amish family in 2001, however, they allowed visitors to tour the barn and the building that housed the summer kitchen, both of which were seen in the film.
Witness marked the feature film debut of actor Viggo Mortensen.
End credits include the following acknowledgements: “The Producers wish to express their appreciation for the assistance and cooperation of Governor Dick Thornburgh and Pennsylvania Film Bureau, Department of Commerce.” Also noted: “Filmed entirely on location in Lancaster County and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,” and, “In Memory of Tom Scott.” Scott worked in the film's Lancaster casting department.
In 1984 Lancaster, Pennsylvania, a young Amish widow named Rachel Lapp attends her husband Jacob’s funeral with her son, Samuel, and father-in-law, Eli Lapp, by her side. Soon after, Rachel and Samuel take a train to Baltimore, Maryland, to visit Rachel’s sister. Daniel Hochleitner, a single man from Rachel’s community, sees them off, and waits expectantly for her return. While they transfer trains in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Samuel looks wide-eyed around the terminal. Rachel stands outside as her young son uses the public restroom. While in the stall, Samuel witnesses two men enter and kill another man by slitting his throat. Afterward, one of the attackers checks the stalls, and Samuel crawls underneath to escape unseen. Detective John Book arrives to investigate the murder and questions Samuel. John tells the boy that the man killed was a policeman, and asks for Samuel’s help to identify the killers. Samuel says he saw only one of the killers and points to John’s African-American partner, Sergeant Hilton Carter, implying that the man was black. With a suspect in mind, John drives Rachel and Samuel to a bar and leaves them outside, ignoring Rachel’s protests. Moments later, he drags a man out and presses his face against the glass for Samuel to identify, but he is not the killer. Rachel demands they be let go, wanting no part of the “English” world, but John orders them not to leave town, as Samuel is a material witness to a homicide. Fearing they will flee, John takes them to stay with his sister, Elaine, for the night. The next day, John brings ...
In 1984 Lancaster, Pennsylvania, a young Amish widow named Rachel Lapp attends her husband Jacob’s funeral with her son, Samuel, and father-in-law, Eli Lapp, by her side. Soon after, Rachel and Samuel take a train to Baltimore, Maryland, to visit Rachel’s sister. Daniel Hochleitner, a single man from Rachel’s community, sees them off, and waits expectantly for her return. While they transfer trains in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Samuel looks wide-eyed around the terminal. Rachel stands outside as her young son uses the public restroom. While in the stall, Samuel witnesses two men enter and kill another man by slitting his throat. Afterward, one of the attackers checks the stalls, and Samuel crawls underneath to escape unseen. Detective John Book arrives to investigate the murder and questions Samuel. John tells the boy that the man killed was a policeman, and asks for Samuel’s help to identify the killers. Samuel says he saw only one of the killers and points to John’s African-American partner, Sergeant Hilton Carter, implying that the man was black. With a suspect in mind, John drives Rachel and Samuel to a bar and leaves them outside, ignoring Rachel’s protests. Moments later, he drags a man out and presses his face against the glass for Samuel to identify, but he is not the killer. Rachel demands they be let go, wanting no part of the “English” world, but John orders them not to leave town, as Samuel is a material witness to a homicide. Fearing they will flee, John takes them to stay with his sister, Elaine, for the night. The next day, John brings them to the police station to look at a line-up of men, but Samuel does not see the murderer. He shows Samuel a book of police photos at his desk, and while he takes a telephone call, Samuel wanders around the office. The boy stops and stares when he sees a picture of Narcotics Officer McFee in a trophy case. John notices Samuel’s reaction and follows the boy, who points at the photograph. In the busy office, John silently lowers Samuel’s hand and nods that he understands Samuel is identifying the killer. Later, John goes to the home of Chief Paul Schaeffer, and tells him that McFee is one of the killers. He tells Schaeffer that $22 million worth of confiscated drugs went missing, implying a motive for McFee’s involvement in the murder of a fellow officer. McFee is on vacation so they cannot question him, but Schaeffer tells John not to reveal his knowledge to anyone else. Later, in a parking garage, McFee approaches John and the men engage in a shootout. After McFee flees, John realizes he has been wounded. However, he races to his sister’s home and borrows her car to take Rachel and Samuel to a safe location. He telephones his partner, Carter, and tells him to destroy the paperwork related to their investigation, and that he is going into hiding for a few days. He warns Carter that Schaeffer is involved and to be careful. Carter destroys the files containing Rachel and Samuel’s information. Later, Schaeffer and McFee visit Elaine to learn John’s whereabouts, but she reveals nothing. Meanwhile, John drives Rachel and Samuel back to their farm in rural Pennsylvania. He turns down Rachel’s offer to stay for coffee, but as John drives away, his untreated wound causes him to crash into a birdhouse. Rachel rushes to help him and asks why he did not go to the hospital. John warns that the hospital would have reported his gunshot would to police, which would have led the killers to them. Rachel’s father-in-law, Eli, loads John onto a wagon and takes him into their home. A local man with medical knowledge is brought in to examine John. The man sees that the bullet exited his body but warns of a potentially life-threatening infection. Rachel tells Eli that if John’s whereabouts are discovered Samuel’s life will be in danger. Eli consents to keep him there and hides John’s automobile in the barn. Rachel nurses John as he suffers a high fever and goes in and out of consciousness. Meanwhile, Schaeffer telephones Lancaster police to try to locate Rachel Lapp, but the officer tells him there are over 14,000 families named Lapp in the Amish community. John awakens to a group of elders standing over him and learns he has been sleeping for two days. Sometime later, Samuel finds John’s gun in a dresser drawer, and John yells at him not to touch it, explaining the dangers of a loaded gun. John removes the bullets then lets Samuel hold the firearm. Rachel enters the room and reprimands John, demanding he respect their Amish beliefs while in their home. He apologizes and gives Rachel the gun to store in a safe place. Eli explains to his grandson that guns are meant to take lives, and tells the boy that only God should have that power. As he recovers, Rachel gives John her husband’s clothes to wear so he does not stand out in their community. John goes into town with Eli to make a telephone call to his partner. Carter warns that police are searching for him. Later, Samuel shows John around the farm, and Eli asks for his help, waking him at 4:30 in the morning to milk the cows. Daniel Hochleitner comes to court Rachel, and introduces himself to John. Later, John uses Eli’s woodworking tools to repair the birdhouse, and Rachel is impressed at his carpentry skills. She invites him to help at a neighbors’ barn-raising. At night, John works to repair the battery in his automobile, and Rachel assists him. When John gets the car radio working, he asks Rachel to dance with him. As they laugh and dance in the barn, feelings develop between them. Eli enters and reprimands Rachel, but she proclaims that she has “committed no sin.” Eli warns that her behavior could cause her to be shunned by the community. Elsewhere, Chief Schaeffer questions Carter about John’s whereabouts. In time, the Amish community gathers for the barn-raising, and John works alongside the men. During lunch, Rachel shows favoritism by serving John first, and Daniel is displeased. A woman warns Rachel that people are talking about her and the “Englishman.” That night, John watches through an opened door as Rachel washes herself. She boldly turns to face him exposing her bare breasts. The next day, John tells her that if they had made love he would have to stay or she would have to leave. John returns to town to telephone Carter and learns his partner was killed in the line of duty. John calls Schaeffer and threatens him. While riding home in Eli’s carriage, the locals harass the Amish. Eli warns John not to respond, but John confronts them and beats them. His actions cause a stir in town and word spreads to local police. At the farm, John puts up the repaired birdhouse, and Rachel realizes he is planning to leave the following morning. She removes her bonnet and runs outside to meet him. They lock eyes before kissing passionately. In the morning, Schaeffer, McFee, and Officer Fergie arrive with shotguns and burst into the farm home. When Eli Lapp shouts a warning to John, McFee hits him in the face. John and Samuel hide in the barn, and John instructs the boy to run to the neighbor’s house. John struggles to get his automobile started as the men search for him. Fergie shoots at John, and hearing the gunfire, Rachel becomes hysterical with worry over her son. John lures Fergie to a corn silo, and buries him alive in an avalanche of grain. Meanwhile, Samuel returns to the house and shows himself to Rachel and Eli, but remains hidden from Schaeffer. As Schaeffer orders Rachel and Eli out of the house, Eli motions to Samuel to ring the bell and sound a warning to the community. John digs in the corn for Fergie’s shotgun, and shoots McFee as he approaches. Samuel rings the bell, and Schaeffer sends Eli to stop him. Holding a gun to Rachel’s head, Schaeffer confronts John, who screams for Rachel’s release and surrenders his gun. The neighbors run to the farm in response to the bell, and Schaeffer forces John outside to join them. John exclaims that Schaeffer cannot kill them all then takes the shotgun from Schaeffer’s hands. Schaeffer falls to the ground, and local police arrive to arrest him. John puts on his “English” clothes and bids farewell to Samuel. He and Rachel lock eyes but neither says a word to each other. She watches as he slowly walks away.
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